39 Rußland: St. Andreas Orden - Bruststern zur Ordensdekoration aus dem Besitz des Herzogs Adolphus von Cambridge, Vizekönig von Hannover
Silver, the medallion partially gold and enamel. With pin attachment. On the reverse side the number engraving typical for stars from the estate of the Dukes of Cambridge: "No. 2.".
The order motto inlaid in gold letters on translucent blue enamel ground. The Russian double-headed eagle in the medallion executed in the finest enamel painting.
Magnificent example of the finest jeweler quality and from the estate of a member of the British Royal House of the greatest rarity.
HRH Prince Adolphus Frederick, 1st Duke of Cambridge (German: Adolph Friedrich, Herzog von Cambridge, * February 24, 1774 in London; † July 8, 1850 ibid.) was, as son of King George III, a Prince of Great Britain and Ireland as well as Hanover and a British Field Marshal.
Adolph was born in Kew (London) as the seventh son of King George III and his wife Sophie Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. He was baptized Adolph Friedrich after the Queen's brother. He entered the British Army at age 16. He studied at the University of Göttingen.
During the War of the First Coalition, he was captured in 1793 at Hondschoote in French Flanders, but soon exchanged. In 1798 he was promoted to Lieutenant General. In 1800, as part of the moorland colonization, he attended the founding of a village which was then named after him: Adolphsdorf, since 1974 a district of Grasberg. In 1801 he went to Berlin to prevent the occupation of the Electorate of Hanover that had been decided there, but did not succeed. There was subsequently another unsuccessful plan to place him at the head of the armed population of Hanover. He could only avoid capitulation by transferring command authority to General Wallmoden. In 1803 he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the newly founded King's German Legion stationed in England, which from 1816 was partially absorbed into the Hanoverian Army.
On November 27, 1801, his father conferred upon him in the Peerage of the United Kingdom the hereditary titles Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Tipperary and Baron Culloden.
After the renewed possession and elevation to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1814, Adolph was dispatched there on October 24, 1816 to serve as Viceroy. In 1819, under him, the old estates constitution was reorganized and a bicameral parliament introduced. In 1820 George III died and the former Prince Regent, Adolph's eldest brother, ascended the British and Hanoverian throne as George IV. He died in 1830 after a ten-year reign without children, so that his brother William IV became King.
After the unrest in Göttingen in 1831, Adolph Friedrich was appointed Viceroy by his royal brother. In a state reform of 1833, parliament and people were granted more extensive rights to a limited degree. After the death of his brother William IV (the sailor king), Hanover fell in 1837 to Ernest Augustus, another older brother of Adolph Friedrich, while the British throne fell to their niece Victoria. Since through the dissolution of the personal union with Great Britain a Hanoverian ruler would govern on site for the first time since 1714, the office of Viceroy became obsolete. Thereupon Adolph returned to Great Britain and engaged here as president of many charitable associations, some of which he founded himself - including the German Hospital in London.
As Viceroy and jovial governor of the Kings of Hanover who resided in London until 1837, Adolph Friedrich was quite popular, in contrast to King Ernest Augustus who followed him and ruled autocratically. The Cambridge Dragoons, a cavalry regiment named after Adolph's Dukedom, were in turn namesake of the Cambridge Dragoon Barracks in Celle used by the Bundeswehr until 1995. The march of the Hanoverian Cambridge Dragoon Regiment is part of the army march collection of the Bundeswehr. The memory of the Duke of Cambridge, who governed in Hanover for more than two decades and was known for his drinking capacity, has also been preserved for a long time in a Low German drinking toast: Pitsche, pitsche, pitsche, der Herzog von Cambridsche. Hei kümmt, hei kümmt, hei kümmt, ob hei noch einen nümmt? Hei nümmt noch einen ... na denn man prost!
Near Göttingen he had two country estates with the Neuhaus hunting lodge and Rotenkirchen Castle. In London he acquired a town palace in 1829, which he inhabited until his death and which is now called Cambridge House after him.
Order of St. Michael and St. George, 1825
From 1790 Adolph Friedrich was a corresponding member and from 1802 Honorary President of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences.
Quakers founded Adolphustown (now part of Napanee) in Ontario in 1784, named after Adolph Friedrich. In 1800 he attended the founding of the Findorff moorland colony Adolphsdorf, which was named after him. The Fuchsloch Ravelin of the Stade city fortifications was renamed Adolphs Ravelin in his honor in 1823. The estate Adolphshof near Hämelerwald founded in 1827 was named after Adolph. He granted the founder of the estate financial support through a loan.
In 1839 an expedition of the Hudson's Bay Company named a bay in present-day Nunavut Territory in northern Canada Cambridge Bay after the Duke.